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| leghisturl = http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d096:HR06410:@@@Z | introducedin = House | introducedbill = | introducedby = Jack Brooks (D–TX) and Frank Horton (R–NY)〔Funk, p. 27〕 | introduceddate = February 5, 1980 | committees = Committee on Government Operations | passedbody1 = House | passeddate1 = March 24, 1980 | passedvote1 = (328-13 ) | passedbody2 = Senate | passeddate2 = November 19, 1980 | passedvote2 = Unanimous〔Funk, p. 29 (citing 126 Cong. Rec. 30,193 (1980))〕 | agreedbody3 = House | agreeddate3 = December 1, 1980 | agreedvote3 = Voice vote〔Funk, p. 30 (citing 126 Cong. Rec. 31,228 (1980))〕 | signedpresident = Jimmy Carter | signeddate = December 11, 1980 | amendments = (Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 ) | SCOTUS cases = (Dole v. United Steelworkers of America ) }} The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. No. 96-511, 94 Stat. 2812, codified at ) is a United States federal law enacted in 1980 designed to reduce the total amount of paperwork burden the federal government imposes on private businesses and citizens. The Act imposes procedural requirements on agencies that wish to collect information from the public. It also established the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) within the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and authorized this new agency to oversee federal agencies' collection of information from the public and to establish information policies. A substantial amendment, the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995,〔Pub. L. No. 104-13, 109 Stat 163〕 confirmed that OIRA's authority extended over not only agency orders to provide information to the government, but also agency orders to provide information to the public.〔Funk, William F, Sidney A. Shapiro, and Russell L. Weaver. ''Administrative Procedure and Practice: Problems and Cases'' 4th ed. West, 2010. p 128. "As a result of amendments in 1995, these reporting and recordkeeping requirements include both situations where the information is to be reported to a federal agency and where the information is only to be reported to the public."〕 ==Historical context== The predecessor statute to the Paperwork Reduction Act was the Federal Reports Act of 1942. That statute required agencies to obtain approval of the Bureau of the Budget (a direct predecessor of OMB) before imposing information collection burdens on the public. However, large departments such as the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) were exempted from the requirement,〔Funk, p. 9〕 and the statute neglected to include sanctions for agencies' noncompliance.〔 Moreover, OMB chronically understaffed its responsibilities: in 1947, there were 47 personnel reviewing agency requests for the entire government, but by 1973 the number of reviewers had dwindled to 25, and these few reviewers had a number of additional responsibilities.〔Funk, p. 11 (citing S. Rep. No. 125, 93d Cong., 1st Sess. 25 (1973))〕 The result of the lack of resources was both weak oversight (only between 1 and 5 percent of applications were rejected) and longer delays.〔Funk, p. 14〕 Some agencies refused to submit requests for approval;〔Funk, p. 14 "Complaints of inadequate enforcement were buttressed by the refusal of certain agencies, among them the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), to submit regulatory reporting to OMB for clearance."〕 others sought and received alternative processes,〔Funk, p. 16 "OMB's delay ... was one of the motivating factors behind the amendment to the Federal Reports Act that eliminated OMB review of independent agencies' reports."〕 fragmenting the regulatory system and increasing the chance of duplicative and wasteful demands for information. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paperwork Reduction Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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